The 2014 Nutritional and Mortality Survey Retrospective collected data to measure the levels of nutrition and malnutrition present in children ages 0-59 months and women ages 15-49 years in Mali. The survey also sought to assess child morbidity, estimate retrospective mortality rates, and infant and young child feeding practices.

The survey utilized the UNICEF Standardized Monitoring and Assessment for Relief and Transition (SMART) methodology for data collection. Anthropometric measurements and retrospective mortality data were recorded through two questionnaires. The sample size included 18,050 children and 16,410 women from 14,192 households. The sample frame was based off of the 2009 Population and Housing Census.