Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) Lead Exposure Estimates 1990-2021

The Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021), coordinated by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), estimated the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors for 204 countries and territories and selected subnational locations.

This dataset contains blood and bone lead exposure estimates by year, location, age, and sex for the years 1990-2021. Blood lead exposure is measured as micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood, and bone lead exposure is measured as micrograms of lead per gram of bone. Estimates include the mean and 95% uncertainty intervals. For blood lead exposure, few aggregated groups that are not within GBD's standard aggregation and both sexes are available with mean estimates only. For bone lead exposure, only mean estimates are available for both sexes.